HSC Physics Second Paper Chepter-7(Physical Optics) || পদার্থ বিজ্ঞান দ্বিতীয় পত্র অধ্যায় ০৭ ।। ভৌত আলোক বিজ্ঞান
Aa¨vq: 07 (‡fŠZ Av‡jvK weÁvb)
cÖkœ-1: Zwor
†PФ^Kxq Zi½ wK?
DËi: Zwor
Pz¤^Kxq Zi½ nj k~b¨¯’vb w`‡q Av‡jvi `ªywZ‡Z MwZkxj Zwor I Pz¤^Kxq Av‡jvob hv‡Z
Zwor I Pz¤^K †¶Î ci¯c‡ii j¤^ Ges Giv Df‡q Zi½ mÂvj‡bi Awfgy‡Li mv‡_ j¤^ eivei
_v‡K|
cÖkœ-2: Av‡jvKel© wK?
DËi: Av‡jvKel©
n‡”Q `~i‡Z¡i GKK| Av‡jv k~Y¨ ¯’v‡b GK eQ‡i †h c_ AwZµg K‡i ZvB, Av‡jvKel©|
cÖkœ-3: c‡qw›Us †f±i Kv‡K e‡j?
DËi: †Kvb
ZworPz¤^K Zi‡½i MwZc‡_ j¤^fv‡e ¯’vwcZ †Kvb GKK †¶Îd‡ji ga¨ w`‡q †h, cwigvY kw³
AwZµg K‡i Zv‡K, c‡qw›Us †f±i e‡j|
cÖkœ-4: Zi½ gyL
Kv‡K e‡j?
DËi: †Kvb Zi‡½i
Dci Aew¯’Z mg`kv m¤cbœ KYv ¸‡jvi mÂvic_‡K Zi½ gyL e‡j|
cÖkœ-5: Av‡jvi
Zi½ gyL ej‡Z wK eyS?
DËi: †Kvb Av‡jv
Zi‡½i Dci Aew¯’Z m¤cbœ KYv¸‡jvi mÂvi c_‡K D³ Av‡jvK Zi‡½i Zi½ gyL e‡j|
cÖkœ-6: nvB
nvB‡Mbm& Gi bxwZwU †jL?
DËi:
nvB‡Mbm& Gi bxwZwU nj †Kvb gyn~‡Z©
†Kvb Zi½ gy‡Li Dci Aew¯’Z me we›`yB †MŠY Zi‡½i ev Aby Zi‡½i bZzb Drm
wn‡m‡e KvR K‡i Ges GKwU wbw`©ó mgq c‡i
G¸‡jv Zi½¸‡jv ¯ck© Zj Zi½ gy‡Li bZzb Ae¯’vb wb‡`©k K‡i|
cÖkœ-7: Av‡jvi e¨wZPvi wK?
DËi: `ywU mymsMZ D”P n‡Z wgwkªZ mgvb K¤cv¼ I we¯Ív‡ii `ywU Av‡jvK Zi½ †Kvb gva¨‡gi GKwU we›`yi ga¨ w`‡q GKB mv‡_ Mgb Ki‡j Zi½ `ywUi DcwicvZ‡bi d‡j we›`y wU KL‡bv KL‡bv Lye D¾¡j KL‡bv KL‡bv AÜKvi †`Lvq Av‡jv‡Ki, G NUbv‡K Av‡jvi e¨wZPvi
cÖkœ-8: †MŠY Drm wK?
DËi: †Kvb Zi½
gy‡Li cÖwZwU we›`y GK GKwU †MŠY Zi‡½i Drm wn‡m‡e MY¨ nq, GwU ‡MŠY
Drm|
DËi: †Kvb
cÖwZe܇Ki avi †N‡l ev miy wQ‡`ªi ga¨ w`‡q hvIqvi mgq Av‡jvi wKQzUv †eu‡K hvIqvi
NUbvq AceZ©b|
DËi: cvkvcvwk
¯’vwcZ A‡bK¸‡jv mgMÖ c‡_i m¤cbœ c_‡K AceZ©b
†MÖwUs e‡j|
cÖkœ-11: ‡d«‡b‡ji
†kªYx AceZ©b Kv‡K e‡j?
DËi: hLb Drm
Ges c`©v Zv‡`i ga¨eZ©x evav n‡Z Aí `~i‡Z¡i g‡a¨ Ae¯’vb K‡i ZLb H evavi `iæb
c`©vq Av‡jv‡Ki †h AceZ©b cwijw¶Z nq, Zv‡K †d«‡bj †kªYxi AceZ©b e‡j|
cÖkœ-12:Av‡jvi
mgeZ©b wK?
DËi: †h cÖwµqvq wewfbœ Z‡j K¤cgvb Av‡jv‡K GKwU wbw`©ó Zj eivei Kg cÖgvY Kiv hvq, †mB cÖwµqvq nj Av‡jvi mgeZ©b|
💥💥💥💥 Abyaveb g~jK
cÖkœ I DËi 💥💥💥💥
cÖkœ-1: Av‡jvi ˆØZ bxwZ e¨vL¨v Ki
DËi: Avgiv Rvwb,
†h Av‡jv AmsL¨ dz‡U‡bi ¸”Q ev c¨v‡KU †dvUb Kjv iƒ‡c AvPiY K‡i|
Avevi MwZkxj
Ae¯’vq Zwor †PФ^K Zi‡½i †bq AvPiY K‡i| Kv‡RB Av‡jv ˆØZ AvPiY K‡i KL‡bvI KYv
KL‡bvI Zi½ GRb¨ nvB‡Rbev‡M©i AwbðqZv bxwZ Abymv‡i, Ae¯’vb wbY©q Ki‡j fi‡eM Rvbv
hvq bv| A_ev fi‡eM Rvb‡j Ae¯’vb Rvbv hvq bv|
cÖkœ-2: Kv‡P Av‡jvK eQi
ej‡Z wK †evS ?
DËi: Av‡jvKiwk¥ GK eQ‡i †h `~iZ¡ AwZµg K‡i Zv‡K
Av‡jvK ermi e‡j| Kv‡P
Av‡jvK ermi
ej‡Z †evSvq Kv‡P Av‡jvKiwk¥ GK eQ‡i †h `~iZ¡ AwZµg K‡i|
cÖkœ-3: †e¸wb Av‡jvi kw³ jvj Av‡jvi †P‡q †ewk †Kb? e¨vL¨v Ki|
DËi: Avgiv Rvwb,
Av‡jv †dvUb AvKv‡i wgwkªZ nq Ges †dvU‡bi kw³ A_©vr Av‡jv Z_v
†dvU‡bi kw³ Gi
K¤cv‡¼i mgvbycvwZK| d‡j DcwiD³ m¤cK© Abymv‡i †e¸wb Av‡jvi kw³ jvj Av‡jvi †P‡q
†ewk|
cÖkœ-4: ivbœvi Kv‡R gvB‡µvI‡qf
I‡f‡b gvB‡µv Zi½ e¨envi Kiv nq †Kb ?
DËi: gvB‡µvZi‡½i
Zvcxq wµqv Av‡Q| G iwk¥B GKgvÎ cvwbi Aby‡K Nyiv‡Z m¶g weavq
gvB‡µvI‡qf
I‡f‡b gvB‡µv Zi‡½i kw³ → cvwbi Abyi N~Y©b kw³ → Zvc kw³ → GB ch©vqµwgK
cÖwµqvq gvB‡µvI‡qf I‡f‡b AbeiZ gvB‡µv Zi½ †_‡K Zvc kw³i iƒcvšÍi NU‡Z _v‡K|
cvwb‡Z Drcbœ Zvc c‡i Zv‡K aviYKvix e¯‘i me©Î Qwo‡q c‡o| ZvB ivbœvi Kv‡R gvB‡µv
Zi½ e¨envi Kiv nq|
cÖkœ-5: w¯’i cvwb‡Z wXj Qzo‡j Zi½gyL cvIqv hv‡e wK? e¨vL¨v Ki|
DËi: Rvbv Av‡Q,
Zi½w¯’Z mg`kv m¤cbœ KYv¸‡jvi MwZc_B Zi½ gyL| w¯’i cvwb‡Z wXj
Qzo‡j Drcbœ Zi½wU
e„ËvKv‡i Pviw`‡K AMÖmi nq| GB e„‡Ëi Dc‡i Aew¯’Z me¸‡jv Kbvi
`kv GKB| myZivs
Zi½gy‡Li msÁv Abymv‡i, cÖwZwU e„Ë GK GKwU Zi½gyL| AZGe w¯’i
cvwb‡Z wXj
Qzo‡j Zi½gyL cvIqv hv‡e|
cÖkœ-6: ÒcÖK…wZ‡Z †Kvb DrmB mymsMZ bqÓ- e¨vL¨v Ki ?
DËi: `ywU Drm †_‡K mg`kvq ev †Kvb wbw`©ó `kv
cv_©‡K¨i GKB Zi½ ˆ`‡N¨©i `ywU Av‡jvi
Zi½ wgwkªZ n‡j,
Zv‡`i mymsMZ Drm e‡j| cÖK…wZ‡Z †h‡Kv‡bv
GKwU Dr‡mi cigvYy KZ©…K
wgwkªZ Av‡jvK
Zi½ Dr‡mi Dci †Kvb fv‡eB wbf©i K‡i bv| ZvB `ywU wfbœ Drm †_‡K wbM©Z
`ywU Avjv`v
Av‡jvK Zi½ GKwU wbw`©ó `kv eRvq ivL‡Z cv‡i bv| GRb¨ cÖK…wZ‡Z †Kvb DrmB mym½Z bq|
cÖkœ-7: Zi½gyL m„wó‡Z nvB‡Mb‡mi bxwZi cÖ‡qvM e¨vL¨v Ki ?
DËi: nvB‡Mbm Gi
bxwZwU nj †Kvb Zi½ gy‡Li cÖwZwU we›`y GK GKwU Zi‡½i ev †MŠY
Zi‡½i Drm
wn‡m‡e MY¨ nq IB AbyZi½ ¸‡jv g~j Zi‡½i mgvb †eM wb‡q mvg‡bi w`‡K
AMÖmi nq †h
†Kvb gyn~‡Z© GB AbyZi½ ¸‡jv‡K ¯ck© K‡i †h mvaviY ¯ck©K Zj cvIqv hvq
ZvB IB mg‡q bZzb Zi½ gy‡Li Ae¯’vb wb‡`©k K‡i। nvB‡Mbmi bxwZi mvnv‡h¨ Av‡jvi
MwZ
cÖwZdjb, cÖwZmiY I AceZ©b e¨vL¨v Kiv hvq। G bxwZ †hgb w¯’wZ¯’vcK Zi‡½i †ejvq Lv‡U
†Zgwb †Zvi দীঘল Zi‡½i †ejvqI Lv‡U G bxwZwU GKwU R¨vwgwZK †`Lvi Dci cÖwZwôZ
GKwU Zi½ gy‡Li eZ©gvb Ae¯’vb Rvbv _vK‡j cieZ©x †h‡Kv‡bv mgq IB Zi½ gy‡Li
Ae¯’vb †Kv_vq n‡e Zv GB bxwZ †_‡K Rvbv hvq|
cÖkœ-8: Ges Gi wØ-wPi cix¶vq e¨wZPvi Svj‡ii †K›`ªxq cwUªi cÖK…wZ e¨vL¨v Ki?
DËi: Bqs Gi wØ-wPi cix¶vq e¨wZPvi Svj‡ii †K›`ªxq cwUªwU D¾¡j nq Gi D¾¡j¨ Ab¨vb¨
D¾¡j †Wvivi †P‡q †ewk nq| †K›`ªxq cwUªwU m„wóKvix jwä Zi‡½i we¯Ívi
Ab¨vb¨ D¾¡j
†Wviv m„wóKvix
jwä Zi½ A‡c¶vq †ewk nIqvq, Gi D¾¡j¨ Ab¨vb¨ D¾¡j cwÆ A‡c¶v †ewk
nq|
cÖkœ-9: Av‡jvi e¨vwZPv‡i mymsMZ Av‡jvK Drm e¨envi Kiv nq †Kb ?
DËi: ¯’vqx
`kvev cv_©K¨ I mgvbycvZ Zi½ ˆ`N¨© wewkó Av‡jvK wbM©gb Kvwi `ywU Av‡jvK Drm †K
ci¯c‡ii mymsMZ Drm ejv nq| `ywU Av‡jvK Zi‡½i DcwicvZb wVK ev wecixZ`kvq wgwjZ
bv n‡j DcwicZb we›`ywU‡Z GKevi mg `kvq ci¶‡Y Avevi wecixZ `kvq wgwjZ nIqvq
we›`ywU GKevi D¾¡j ci¶‡Y AÜKvi n‡e Ges †mUv GZ `ªyZ N‡U †h `k©b Abyf‚wZi
¯’vwqZ¡Kv‡ji g‡a¨ NUvi Kvi‡Y, Avgv‡`i e¨wZPvi †Wviv bv †`‡L mgfv‡e Av‡jvwKZ
mvaviY D¾¡jZvq †`L‡Z cv‡ev, ZvB ¯’vqx e¨vwZPvi m„wói Rb¨ Acwinvh©| myZivs ejv
hvq †h, mymsMZ Drm e¨ZxZ e¨wZPvi m„wó nq bv|
cÖkœ-10: Bqs Gi wØ wPi cix¶vq †Kvb we›`y‡Z Zi½Ø‡qi c_ cv_©K¨ Zi½
ˆ`‡N¨©i c~Y©msL¨v ¸wYZK n‡j ¯’vbwU D¾¡j bvwK AÜKvi n‡e e¨vL¨v Ki ?
DËi: Bqs Gi wØ
wPi cix¶vq †hme we›`y‡Z Zi½`q Zv‡`i Zi½ ˆ`‡N¨©i A‡a©‡Ki †Rvo ¸wYZK c_ cv_©K¨‡K
wgwjZ nq, †mme we›`y‡Z D¾¡j †Wviv m„wó n‡e| GLb c_ cv_©K¨ Zi½ ˆ`‡N¨©i cwimsL¨K ¸wYZK
e‡j, Zv Zi½ ˆ`‡N¨©i A‡a©‡Ki †Rvi ¸wbZK| KviY d‡j †m ¯’vbwU D¾¡j n‡e|
cÖkœ-11: Bqs Gi wØ wPi cix¶vq wPi؇qi e¨eavb ¯^í nIqv cÖ‡qvRb †Kb?
e¨vL¨v Ki|
DËi: Avgiv Rvwb
†Xvov cÖ¯’ hLb w¯’i A_©vr †Wviv cÖ¯’
wPi؇qi e¨eavb Gi e¨¯ÍvbycvwZK| G Kvi‡Y
wPi؇qi e¨eavb hZ Kg nq, †Wviv cÖ¯‘ ZZ eo nq, d‡j †Wviv ZZ ¯có †`Lv hvq| ZvB
Bqs Gi wØ wPi cix¶vq wPi- ؇qi e¨eavb ¯^í ivLv nq|
